Research

          I have placed my major research emphasis on the professional socialization of medical students for many years, especially the medical humanistic education in Taiwan. I conducted a large-scale cross-school follow-up study for medical students to explore the effectiveness of "medical humanities education". I have targeted the medical and humanities courses arranged in Taiwan.

         Another focus of research is the gender differences in the professional development of physicians in recent years. Although more and more women are now entering professional fields, such as medicine, as society progresses, men still occupy the majority of leading positions in medical organizations, and only a few female physicians have had a chance to enter powerful positions. Despite a greater proportion of female students entering medical school and more young female physicians working at clinical practices, the gender gap still exists in regards to physicians’ career success and status promotion.